牙周膜的干细胞英文
Introduction Periodontal disease is a common problem that affects many individuals across the world. The disease arises from inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth, which if not well-treated leads to tooth loss and multiple dental health problems. Traditional therapies for periodontal disease include antibiotic therapy, surgical procedures, and other non-invasive approaches. However, recent studies have shown that stem cells can provide an alternative approach for the management and treatment of periodontal disease. Among the types of stem cells, dental pulp and periodontal ligament stems cells have gained significant interest among researchers due to their potential in regenerating the structure and function of damaged tissues. What are Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs)? Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of stem cell that is found in dental pulp. They have been identified as an excellent source of mesenchymal stem cells, which have the potential to differentiate into various tissues, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and others. DPSCs are mainly isolated from teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons, caries, or any other reason that would otherwise lead to the discarding of the tooth. DPSCs are readily available, easily accessible, and highly proliferative, making them ideal for therapeutic use. What are Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs)? Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) are another type of stem cell that can be used for the management and treatment of periodontal disease. These cells are isolated from periodontal ligament tissues surrounding teeth and offer the unique ability to regenerate and repair the periodontal tissues. PDLSCs can differentiate into diverse tissues and have a higher proliferation rate compared to other similar cells. The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Periodontal Tissue Regeneration Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have shown great potential in providing engineering approaches to regenerate periodontal tissue. Preclinical studies have shown that DPSCs and PDLSCs could lead to the reconstruction of periodontal tissue, restoring their lost function and preventing the recurrence of disease. The MSCs migrate to the damaged site and differentiate to form a variety of tissues, including cementum, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. In addition, MSCs have been identified as possessing immunomodulatory properties, allowing them to modulate and regulate local inflammation leading to reduced periodontal infections and improved clinical outcomes. Current Research on DPSCs and PDLSCs Studies are ongoing to explore the potential of DPSCs and PDLSCs therapy in treating periodontal disease. A recent clinical trial investigated the safety and increased efficacy of using PDLSC combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate for bone regeneration and repair. The results indicated successful and safe use of PDLSCs in bone regeneration and repair, with a significant reduction of periodontal probing depths and gingival recession. Another randomized clinical trial found similar results, indicating the potential of using PDLSCs in managing and treating periodontal disease. Conclusion The use of stem cells in periodontal disease management is a rapidly growing field, with DPSCs and PDLSCs being among the most studied types of stem cells. The use of these cells shows immense potential to regenerate periodontal tissue structures that have been lost due to disease. Clinical trials are ongoing to test the efficacy of using stem cell-based therapies in managing and treating periodontal disease. Conference presentations, preclinical studies, scientific articles and systematic reviews all provide support for the possible benefits of using DPSCs and PDLSCs to treat periodontal disease. Expectedly, this research will help steer this field towards understanding the optimal combination of biomaterials and these cells to provide maximal repair and regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues, effectively restoring normal function.
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